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Metal Speciation |
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Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometer, used to analyze for metals |
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Most of the data detailing metals concentration in the environment is for total metals. For many applications it is important to know the probable molecular form or chemical composition of the metal of interest as it may exist under a specified set of environmental conditions. The particular chemical form of the elemental constituent may affect such chemical and physical parameters as its volatility, aqueous solubility, bioavailability, toxicity, etc, and thus affect its impact on human and ecological health. These same parameters may determine the way that the constituents will respond to remediation technologies. An example is mercuric sulfide, a relatively nonvolatile, highly stable form of mercury that has a low bioavailability, which represents a much lower health risk than other forms of toxic mercury such as methyl mercury. Similarly, hexavalent chromium is much greater hazard then trivalent chromium. MCLinc utilizes a collection of techniques including surface spectroscopy (XPS), electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and ICP-OES to provide elemental, chemical state, morphological and speciation analyses. |
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